Improvement in rotary pumps



UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICED ROLLIN DEFREES, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF OOLUMBIA,ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND JOHN D. DEFREES, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN ROTARY PUMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 56,850, dated July 31, 1866.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ROLLIN DEFREEs, of the city of Washington, in the county of Washington, and the District of Columbia, have invented a new and Improved Rotary Pump,

specially designed for use in oil-wells; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full land exact description thereof, reference being that it may readily be placed at the bottom of a well and operated by means of a vertical shaft extending from the surface ofthe ground, where the power is applied, down through the well to the pump, as shall be hereinafter described.

In order to insure a more perfect understanding of my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

I first take a piece of ordinary wrought-iron water-pipe or other suitable tubing, which goes together with screw-connections or sockets of proper length and diameter, (represented in the drawings by the letter A,) and, having bored it out true, tix therein, by screws or other convenient means, a vertical abutment, bridge, or septum, B, (shown more clearly in Fig. 6,) which is grooved out longitudinally, so as to contain a. strip of leather or other suitable packing, c, and whose anterior edge is so shaped as to act as a cam for giving motion to a part hereinafter to be described. 'I next provide a cylinder of metal, D, longer than the piece of tubing A, which forms the outside casing of the pump, and of such diameter that when placed concentrically within the said casing it will be in contact with and bear upon the packing in the bridge or septum before mentioned. This cylinder is provided with two ianges, `c c, so placed that their distance from outside to outside is lexactly equal to the length of the casing A, the septum B being just enough shorter than the casing to admit their thickness within the casing. The peripheries of these flanges are turned so as accurately to lit the bore of the casing.

The cylinder D is cast hollow for about onefourth its length from the bottom. It is then solid for about one-fourth its length, then hollow again nearly to its upper end, where the hollow opens through any convenient number of radial passages f f f j' to the surface. A longitudinal slit, g, is then cut in the cylinder of a length slightly greater than the distance between the flanges c e, the flanges having each a corresponding gain or groove cut out from thence to its periphery, and the solid portion of the cylinder D is cut nearly through with a rectangular mortise or recess, h. A piece of metal, c', of the shape shown in Fig. 5., is then provided, whose length and thickness are accurately fitted to the dimensions of the slit g, so that when placed in the gains of 'cal spring, 7c, whose office is to force thevane i out through the slit g against the surface of the casing. It is also provided with one or more water-passages, l l, opening on the front side of the vane, their object being to allow 'the `escape of the liquid from the recess h as the vane passes in, and also to admit the pressure of the liquid to assist in driving it out.

The lower and back portion of the vane t' is cut away, as represented in the drawings, so that when the vane is sprung out against the casing it forms a port opening from the lower hollow portion of the cylinder D into the space between the cylinder and casing behind the vane. The upper and forward portion of the vane is similarly cut away to form a port connectin g the space between the cylinder and casing before the vane with the upper hollow part of the cylinder; but when the vane is driven into the slit g both these ports are closed by the broad outer edge of the vane.

The foregoing parts having been made and put together as described, a pair of disks, m,

' thickness, having their centers bored to tit the part of the cylinder D below the flanges, and recessed so as to contain a gasket or other packing, is passed over the said lower portion of the cylinder D and up against the bottom of the casing. A connecting-socket is then screwed onto the bottom of the casing, and a suction-pipe, N, of like diameter with the casing and convenient length, is screwed into the socket, clamping the disks m firmly between its upper end and the bottom of the casing. This forms the lower' bearin g of the pump-cylinder. A similar pair of disks, O, is then passed over the upper part of the cylinder D, and held in like manner by a jointgor section of tubing being screwed up against it, thus forming the upper bearing of the pump-cylinder. A portion of the shaft l?, which is in sections of convenient length, going' together with screw and socket joints, is next screwed into the top of the cylinder D, another section of tubing is screwed on, another section of sh aft, and so on up to the top of the well, where the tube terminatesin a stuffing-box, q, through which the shaft passes, and is surmounted by a crank or pulley, through which is communicated the power necessary to operate the pump.

The oil or water is led off from the side of I the well-tube by means of the pipe r some distance below the stuffing-box, in order that the portion of the tube above it may serve as an airchamber to equalize the tlow of the liquid; or this portion of the tube may be replaced by an air-chamber of the usual shape.

If the shaft P is very long, it should be supported by spiderfbearin gs at convenient distances within the tube.

The pump being now complete, there remains only to describe its operation. rlhe power having been applied and the cylinderD rotating, the vane z', held out against the casing A by its spring K moving away from the septum B, tends to leave a vacuous space behind it, into which the oil or water rushes up through the suction-pipe and out through the lower port of thevane until the vane, sliding upon the septum, is driven into the slit g, closing its ports and preventing the egress of the Water. The vane having passed, the septum springs out again, opening both its ports, the liquid being drawn through the lower one, as before, and the liquid already in the pump, being pressed between the septum and the moving vane, is driven through the upper port into the upper part of the cylinder D and out through the radial passages j' f ff into the well-tube surrounding the shaft, through whichit rises, as the operation is continued, to the top of the well, and is discharged at the pipe r.

I do not claim as my invention a rotary pump the operative parts of which consist of a cylindrical casing with a cam-shaped abutment, in which turns a concentric cylinder provided with a sliding radial vane thrown out by a spring and driven into said cylinder by said cam-shaped abutment, for I am aware that such appliances have been before used; but

What I claim as my invention, and desire secured to me by Letters Patent, is

l. The induction and eduction ports through the rotary cylinder which carries the sliding vane, by means of which the water enters and depart-s from the pump-chamber in a directv vertical line through said rotating cylinder, substantially as described.

2. Forming the top and bottom of the pumpchamber by means of the plates or disks o o and m m, recessed for packing, as described.

3. Opening and closing the ports by means of the sliding vane, substantially as described.

4. The water-passages l Z through the vane, whereby the pressure of the column of water in the well-tube is admitted behind the vane to equalize the pressure of the water on the inner and outer sides of said vane and obviate resistance to the action of the spring'.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing' witnesses.

ROLLIN DEFREES.

Witnesses:

JOHN S. HOLLINGSHEAD, JOHN D. BLooR.

LA# A 

